Stephen holds an MA Human Rights and Conflict Management from the School of Advanced Studies (Pisa, Italy). He also holds diplomas in International Law and Human Rights (University of Helsinki); Organisation Development and Management (Kenya Institute of Management) and Security in Peacekeeping Missions training at Centre of Excellence for Stability Police Units (CoESPU-Vicenza, Italy). He also holds certificates in Peace Operations from School of Peace Operations (Netherlands); International Investigations; and a BA (Economics and Sociology Major) from Egerton University.